Beastly Solutions
I like the 666 puzzle as it is simple to state, looks horrendously challenging, yet there are a variety of ways to solve it. Here are a few:
1. Experimental Maths
If using a spreadsheet, note that each term is 10 times the previous term plus 6. Summing and considering every third result:
3 terms = 738
6 terms = 740,736
9 terms = 740,740,734
12 terms = 740,740,740,732
15 terms = 740,740,740,740,730
3n terms = n-1 groups of 740 followed by 740 - 2n
Hence if 3n = 666, we predict that the sum will be 221 groups of 740 followed by 740 - 2x222 = 296
My souped-up version of Excel (xNumbers add-in) confirms this is correct.
2. Lateral Thinking
Unless anyone is interested I will skip how I spotted this, but re-write each term as follows:
6 = 20/3 - 2/3
66 = 200/3 - 2/3
666 = 2000/3 - 2/3 etc
Summing the first term is easy, for example after 3 terms it is 2,220/3 = 740 and after 6 terms it is 2,222,220/3 = 740,740 etc.
The “- 2/3” term explains the reduction we saw empirically in the first solution.
3. Pure Maths
There are a few solutions online, all “mathsy”. Here’s an outline example of one of them:
Use algebra to create a geometric progression.
Substitute in the formula for a geometric progression to simplify.
Use more algebra to create another geometric progression.
Substitute in the formula for a geometric progression to simplify.
Use more algebra to create a general formula.
Calculate the answer.
Even though I used geometric progressions throughout my career in finance, my reaction was “Yuck!”
However, when I gave the puzzle verbally to Mrs R, after a few moments of pondering she said “Hmm, I reckon I should manipulate it to form a geometric progression.” She has been a bit too busy to try it though. Just goes to show how differently mathematicians can think from each other.