I.e. using the computer’s ADC instead of a specialist one.
A decent stand-alone one is highly likely to have better analogue circuitry, though how significant that would be may well depend on the level of signal you use. More about this below.
In fact using the computer’s ADC is what I did when I digitised all my LPs. I did that because I hadn’t bought any LPs for years, only buying CDs, my cartridge would need have needed replacing before long, and wear was continuing to take its toll, especially on favourites which by definition were well played. It is 13 -14 years ago now since I did it, so I’m a little hazy on the precise setup I settled on, but I think it was this:
First of all, I decided to listen to every album at the same time, it being a perfect opportunity to go through my collection from A-Z, identifying if there were any that I no longer wanted to keep (there were, but only a handful), and identifying any so badly worn that it would be better to simply replace with a CD if available.
I deemed that the best approach would be to use the preamp’s tape out to provide the signal for digitising, thereby using the normal moving coil input, and leaving listening unaffected. I connected the tape out to the computer input socket, using a decent quality stereo pHono(RCA)-ended cable, with a double phono to 3.5mm adaptor at the computer end. IIRC I tried the soundcard’s mic level and line level settings, however the digitised recording didn’t sound too great (too hazy to recall detail, but possibly too much noise), though line level better… I had a spare preamp - a Musical Fidelity The Preamp 2A - that I had retired from use because an unexplained fault on one occasion when playing loud, with the MC input going into oscillation, destroying the speakers’ bass drivers. i fed the main preamp’s tape output into a line level input of the MF, and connected the main output of the MF to the MF preamp to the computer (set to line level). That allowed a higher level signal, with level controllable by the MF’s volume control. The result when burnt to a CD sounded pretty much the same as the original vinyl, at least, close enough to be acceptable.
I did the ripping using software called Audacity. It is a powerful program, and as well as purely digitising it can be used for all manner of tweaking - but I felt wary of changes. I played with a few, and settled on manual removal of clicks and pops. The auto de-click was OK up to a point, set to only do the worst ones. I then looked for pops and clicks manually (literally, viewing the waveform on the screen), and removed them. I can detail of how I did that if wanted, but this post is long enough already!
The files saved to .wav, from which I burnt CDs, and later when I switched to streaming I converted those same .wav files to flac. One thing to be aware of for streaming is the need for metadata with most playing software. I simply named files with a track number (with leading zero for single digit numbers), followed by track name, the added the track number making it essy to list in correct order. I saved the tracks in folders named according to the album. However with no otger metadata quite a few library/playing software packages don’t respond well, some not even recognising as music files to play. Other metadata would need to be added - I don’t know if Audacity enables that, or if you’d then have to use a separate tag editor.