12v 2a can power 12v 3a?

Yes. The voltage must be matched, so 12V and 12V. The current required by your device, 3A must be available from the power supply, so a minimum of 3A. 5A gives you some headroom. So basically the V ratings must be equal and the A rating of the power supply needs to be at least equal to and ideally a bit higher than the A requirement of the device. (Don’t get carried away and have a 100A power supply on a 1A device.)
This just covers the specs, it does not say if the power supply is any good.